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Article content When Geoffrey Hinton strode across the Stockholm Concert Hall stage Tuesday to receive his Nobel Prize for physics from King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, he was beaming. Recommended Videos It has taken decades for many beyond the science community to realize the British Canadian computer scientist’s life’s work was so significant it eventually formed the foundation of artificial intelligence. But on Tuesday, as he accepted the Nobel diploma and its accompanying gold medal with co-laureate John Hopfield, there was no question about the importance of Hinton’s discoveries nor how he has shaped history. Instead, there was only pride for the affable 77-year-old, often called the godfather of AI — and that pride stretched from Stockholm to Toronto. A crowd of about 100 students and colleagues at the University of Toronto, where Hinton is a professor emeritus, gathered at the school’s downtown campus to watch the Nobel ceremony. Two other watch parties took over the school’s Mississauga and Scarborough campuses. Any mention of physics or a sighting of Hinton, clad in a dark suit and white bow tie, generated rousing applause at the Toronto gathering. When the man of the hour headed to retrieve his accolade from the king, a few former students and colleagues wiped tears from their eyes. “There is, at least for me, this sense that Prof. Hinton created the whole ecosystem here, where there are thousands of people who are working on his ideas,” Michael Guerzhoy, one of Hinton’s former students who went on to teach a course Hinton had once led at the university, said before the ceremony began. The idea that earned Hinton the Nobel dates back to the 1980s, when he was working at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh and AI was far from the buzzy technology it is today. It was then that Hinton developed the Boltzmann machine, which learns from examples rather than instructions and when trained can recognize familiar characteristics in information, even if it has not seen that data before. “It was a lot of fun doing the research but it was slightly annoying that many people — in fact, most people in the field of AI — said that neural networks would never work,” Hinton recalled during a news conference in October when he was named as a Nobel laureate. “They were very confident that these things were just a waste of time and we would never be able to learn complicated things like, for example, understanding natural language using neural networks — and they were wrong.” Neural networks are computational models that resemble the human brain’s structure and functions. When Nobel physics committee chair Ellen Moons presented Hinton to receive his award, she said these networks are good at sorting and interpreting large amounts of data and self-improve based on the accuracy of the results they generate. “Today, artificial neural networks are powerful tools in research fields spanning physics, chemistry and medicine, as well as in daily life,” she said. John DiMarco wasn’t surprised that Hinton’s work paved the way for such possibilities, but the IT director for U of T’s computer science department was taken aback that Hinton’s Nobel came in the unlikely physics category. RECOMMENDED VIDEO DiMarco met Hinton roughly 35 years ago in a job interview and quickly took note of his proclivity for humour and the quirks in how his mind works. “He is quite insightful and he goes straight to the core of things,” DiMarco said. “He would sometimes come out of his office and share some new idea. We didn’t always understand what he was sharing, but he was very excited about it.” Many of those ideas required lots of computing power the school’s systems didn’t have, so DiMarco’s team patched together a solution with graphics processing units from video game consoles. DiMarco brought one of Hinton’s GPUs to the watch party, which was also attended by Joseph Jay Williams, the director of U of T’s Intelligent Adaptive Interventions Lab. Williams took one of Hinton’s classes and said the Nobel winner “changed the course of my life” by encouraging him to go to grad school, which then led him to win the XPRIZE Digital Learning Challenge, a global competition aimed at rewarding people who modernize learning tools and processes. Other notable mentees and alumni of Hinton’s classes include OpenAI co-founder Ilya Sutskever and Cohere co-founders Nick Frosst and Aidan Gomez. With his Nobel win and so many esteemed protege, Williams said Hinton has become a “reluctant celebrity” who is hounded for photos every time he’s on campus. Hinton, however, has taken a much more humble approach to his recent win, which he learned of on a trip to California. He initially thought the call from the academy that gives out the Nobel was “a spoof,” but later realized it had to be real because it was placed from Sweden and the speaker had a “strong Swedish accent.” The award the academy gave him comes with 11 million Swedish kronor (about $1.4 million) from a bequest arranged by Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel. Hinton and Hopfield will split the money, with some of Hinton’s share going to Water First, an Ontario organization working to boost Indigenous access to water, and another unnamed charity supporting neurodiverse young adults. Hinton has said he doesn’t plan to do much more “frontier research. “I believe I’m going to spend my time advocating for people to work on safety,” he said in October. Last year, Hinton left a role he held at Google to more freely speak about the dangers of AI, which he has said include bias and discrimination, fake news, joblessness, lethal autonomous weapons and even the end of humanity. At a Stockholm news conference over the weekend, he said he doesn’t regret the work he did to lay the foundations of artificial intelligence, but wishes he thought of safety sooner. “In the same circumstances, I would do the same again,” he said.The Portuguese coach arrives with an impressive CV, leading Sporting CP to two league titles in four years, as well as two Taca da Ligas and a Supertaca Candido de Oliveira. But Amorim has a tough job ahead of him as he seeks to return to the top after 11 years without a league title — during which time they’ve won just five major trophies. is, at least, boosted by the fact United won three and drew one of their four games under interim boss Ruud van Nistelrooy, compared to one win from Erik ten Hag’s last eight games in charge. The 39-year-old’s tenure begins away at Ipswich Town on Sunday. Amorim will know that if he’s to be a success at Old Trafford, he’ll need big performances from United’s biggest stars. That has always been the case, even under legendary manager Sir Alex Ferguson, who could call upon a host of incredible leaders during his glittering time in charge of the Red Devils. There has arguably been no Man Utd captain more iconic than Roy Keane, however, with the Irishman winning seven Premier League titles, four FA Cups and a Champions League title — including guiding United to the treble in 1999. Speaking to former United right-back and pundit Gary Neville ahead of this weekend’s trip to Portman Road, Amorim has admitted he’d love to have Roy Keane at his disposal now. “Roy Keane was a massive player and I like players with character. I think they can improve. It was not just what Roy Keane did on the pitch, it was the way he influenced the others. I think that is very important in one player,” Amorim said. “You must have this kind of player in the big clubs. I hope we’ll have in the future players like Roy Keane.” On Ferguson, Amorim added: “Sir Alex Ferguson, you want to ask so many things. I think he will talk about horses. I don’t understand anything about horses. But it will be amazing to meet that kind of character.”REGINA — Saskatchewan's fall legislative sitting ended Tuesday with political barbs traded across the aisle after Premier Scott Moe promised a better tone two weeks ago. The swipes began when Opposition NDP Leader Carla Beck told the assembly Moe should offer immediate affordability relief, including suspending the 15-cent-a-litre gas tax and scrapping the provincial sales tax on ready-to-eat grocery items and children's clothing. In reply, Moe said there is no sales tax on groceries and that Beck should go speak to federal NDP Leader Jagmeet Singh. “What we see unfortunately from members opposite, Mr. Speaker, decade after decade, leader after leader is the same old questions, the same old tactics and the same old NDP,” Moe said. The remarks drew ire from Opposition members, with one saying the Saskatchewan Party deserves a lump of coal for Christmas. “The premier knows full well we don’t support the carbon tax, but what he doesn’t seem to understand is how much families in this province are struggling,” Beck said. The jostling continued. Upon questioning for not removing the PST from children’s clothing, Crown Investments Minister Jeremy Harrison told the house that New Democrats don't know how to grow the economy. He also urged heckling Opposition member Nathaniel Teed to get up and speak. “I’d encourage the member for Saskatoon-Meewasin to get up and ask the next question if he has so much to say from his chair,” Harrison said. “What we are committed to -- and what this session really has been focused on -- is affordability.” In late November, Moe had promised better civility in the assembly and that government members would not send the Speaker harassing text messages. Earlier this year, former Speaker Randy Weekes accused government members of bullying him. Moe told reporters Tuesday he’s leaving it up to others to judge whether the tone has changed. “We are not the Opposition. We are the government of Saskatchewan,” Moe said. “We should conduct ourselves accordingly, and I would hope throughout this abbreviated session this fall that the people of Saskatchewan can be proud of the individuals.” Beck told reporters her party will remain tough on issues of affordability, health care, education, crime and homelessness. “Decorum is important, but that doesn’t mean that we should put on kid gloves when it comes to the very real issues that are facing Saskatchewan people,” she said. The Opposition introduced six emergency motions in the assembly this sitting, including ones that urged the province to suspend the fuel tax, remove the PST, launch a committee to fix health care and investigate high food prices in the province’s remote north. Each motion failed after they were rejected by government members. “We believe Saskatchewan people do need some affordability relief,” Beck said. “We will continue to push for the things that Saskatchewan people tell us are most important to them.” Moe said the province has introduced its own affordability measures and is also prepared to strike a task force with nurses and doctors to address health-care issues. His government passed legislation last week that provides broad income tax relief, saving an average family of four more than $3,400 over four years. Another bill keeps the carbon levy off home heating. Saskatchewan has not remitted carbon levies to the federal government in the past year, arguing it should be exempt after Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced a carve-out for heating oil. The federal government has said it reached a deal with Saskatchewan over the issue by securing 50 per cent of what was owed until the dispute is resolved. “This session was largely about setting the foundation for both enacting our platform but providing the change that Saskatchewan people have asked for, and we feel that we have done that,” Moe said. The legislative sitting is to resume in the spring with the provincial budget. This report by The Canadian Press was first published Dec. 10, 2024. Jeremy Simes, The Canadian Press
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